That quest pulled me out of the comfort of the church rectory into the farms and factories, onto the streets and into the harsh realities of poor people’s lives and to understand better the causes of poverty and led me to start Fair-Trade projects all over the Philippines. How could I be content to eat well everyday and enjoy food security when millions went hungry? It led me to look closely at the social teachings of the church and realize that faith in the God’s given dignity of the human person is only real when it leads to action for justice that will uplift the downtrodden and lead to a life of dignity for all.
In the Philippines, about 200 families own or control 70% of the wealth. They control the Congress and the Army ensures their survival. Only a handful of rich families, politicians, and tycoons own or control most of the private arable land in the Philippines while the majority goes landless and hungry. For example, 7 out of 10 peasants still do not own land while less than 1/3 of landowners own more than 80% of agricultural land. The land reform project (CARP) failed: only a fraction (17%) of the 1.5 million hectares of private lands has been fairly redistributed to the tenants who worked the land. The previous government of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo negotiated a 25-year lease with South Korea for 94,000 hectares of prime arable land in Mindoro for food production for South Koreans while Filipinos went landless and hungry.
Since the rapid increase in commodity prices worldwide three years ago, rice has remained at an all-time high in the Philippines. Small farmers did not benefit, fertilizer and pesticide costs rose, millions of pesos designated to help subsidize the inputs were allegedly siphoned off to support the election of the Administration candidates. Besides the Government did not offer higher prices to farmers to grow more rice, instead they imported millions of tons of rice and allowed traders to manipulate the prices by hoarding. So as usual, the rich are getting richer on the hunger of the poor.
There are a billion hungry people in the world today, most of them in Asia at 642 million; in Sub-Saharan Africa, 265 million; Latin America and the Caribbean, 53 million; Near East and North Africa, 42 million; and developed countries, 15 million. Children suffer most from this global malnutrition. If they don’t get the basic food intake between one and three, they are brain damaged and, if they survive, will join millions of children who are unable to learn and remain uneducated and can never have a decent job and a life of dignity.
Undernourished children are sick 160 days of the year and this leads directly to the death of an estimated 5.4 million children every year. Another 5 million children die because of preventable diseases: diarrhea (61%), malaria (57%), pneumonia (52%), and measles (45%), which do their deadly damage because the children are so weak from undernourishment.
Three years ago, almost 33% of Filipinos were living below the poverty line. Now, it is even worse because of the recession. As of 2005, 10.8% of the country’s population survives on just $1 a day, and another 41.2% make do with less than $2 daily.
This is the greatest challenge that faces the Aquino administration. It also challenges all people of goodwill and non-government agencies to continue to work helping the poor to grow food and develop livelihoods.
